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The Evolution Site The theory of evolution through natural selection is the unifying force of modern biology. It ties together disciplines as diverse as genetics, microbiology and the study of palaeontology. The study of evolution can be controversial and the misinformation that comes from it can cause confusion about the fundamentals of evolution. This website helps to to clarify the fundamental concepts. What is Evolution? Modern evolutionary theory focuses on the gradual and cumulative changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are the results of natural selection. This is a process which increases the number of organisms that have beneficial traits, which help them to survive and reproduce in particular environments. They produce more offspring because of their positive traits. This can cause a genetic change that may eventually lead to new species. The term “evolution” is usually associated with “survival-of-the best” which implies that individuals who are better adaptable to specific environmental conditions will have a distinct advantage over those less well-adapted. This is just one of many ways that evolution could occur. Another popular way to use the term “evolution” is to suggest that species will progress from one state to the next. This type of view of evolution is referred to as anagenetic or cladogenesis. This view is not supported by the definition of evolution that is scientifically accepted. Instead the scientific theory of evolution concentrates on the changes that occur within populations over time and these changes are caused by genetic mutations and natural selection. Charles Darwin was one of the scientists who supported this idea. Alfred Russel Wallace who developed the macroevolution theory believed this was only way the higher forms of living could have evolved. A theory must stand up to rigorous tests and evidence in order to be considered as a theory. The evidence of evolution has withstood the test of time and has been backed by a myriad of studies across various sciences, from biology to geology to chemistry to astronomy. Evolution is the foundation of science and is believed by the majority of scientists around the world. Many people are confused about the nature of the evolution theory, especially how it relates with religion. What is the Theory of Evolution? Evolution is the scientific explanation for how living things change over time. It is based on a variety of well-established observable facts: that more offspring are produced than could possibly survive and that individuals differ from each other in their physical characteristics (phenotype) and that various traits have different rates of survival and reproduction and reproduction; and that these traits can be passed down to the next generation. These findings are backed by a growing amount of evidence from molecular biology, palaeontology and climatology functional morphology geology. The theory of evolution based on natural selection was developed independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the late 19th century as an explanation for how organisms adapt to their physical and biological environments. 에볼루션 바카라 is the most widely supported and tested theory in science. Its predictions were confirmed by the fact that, for instance, more complex organisms are less susceptible to genetic mutations. The more successful an organism becomes in terms of its longevity and reproducing the more likely it will transmit its genes to future generations. Some people oppose evolution based on the belief that it implies that there is no meaning to life. However, many scientists who are also religious believers like the famous Cambridge palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris, believe that evolution is not just compatible with belief in God but is enhanced by it (BioLogos 2014). Many highly qualified evolutionary biologists have been involved in constructing and testing the theory of evolution, including some respected evangelical Christian leaders. Many of them have contributed to the understanding of a vast range of phenomena, including phylogenetics and genomics and the formation and purpose of fossils. The word “theory” is often used in a wrong sense to mean an assumption or speculation, when in fact it is a scientific hypothesis that has been thoroughly evaluated and refined over time. Scientists test hypotheses by repeating the experiments or observations that led them to the conclusion. Therefore, the theory of evolutionary theory has been repeatedly confirmed as have the corresponding theories of Copernican theory as well as atomic theory and germ theory. What is the Process of Evolution? The process of evolution is a gradual shift in the proportions of genetically different individuals within a species over time. This is the result of natural selection, which favors those who are more adapted to their environment. The more adapted individuals have a better chance of survival and reproduction. As more individuals survive and reproduce, their genes become more prevalent within the population. This process is sometimes described as “survival of the strongest.” According to evolution theory, mutations that lead to genetic variation are the primary reason for evolution. These mutations can occur randomly or be affected by the environment. When mutations occur at random and occur in a random manner, the frequency of the allele may vary from generation to generation. In contrast, when the mutation is beneficial it increases the frequency of the allele, which causes it to spread throughout the population. Over time, these changes in allele frequencies can result in the creation of new species. The new species will then evolve and develop into newer forms. This is a process called macroevolution. The formation of new species is often a result of changes in the environment, which makes certain resources available or creates new environmental problems. The development of finches in the Galapagos Islands, for example, is due to the availability of fresh food and the need to defend themselves against predators. In a wider sense the term “evolution” can be described as any change in the characteristics of living organisms over time. This change can be subtle, like the development of new coloration or dramatic, like the development of an organ. Scientists who believe in the theory of evolution generally agree on the importance of genetic change in generating evolution. They also acknowledge that the process of evolution takes place over a long period of time, typically millions of years. However, they differ on the role of various factors in speeding or slowing this process, such as the impact of environmental pressures, sexual selection and mutation bias. Despite these differences, the majority of scientists believe that evolution has occurred and that the evidence for this is overwhelming. What is the Evidence of Evolution? Since Darwin's time, scientists have collected evidence to support his theory of evolution. A portion of this evidence comes from fossils, which show the changing characteristics of living organisms over time. Similarities between living organisms as well as embryology, biogeography, and genetics are further evidence. The primary evidence of evolution can be found in the evolutionary tree, which shows how species are related. Homologous structures are another evidence. They share a common structure but perform different functions in different species, for instance, the wing of a bat or bird. The fact that different species develop and adapt to the same environment is another sign of evolution. For example, arctic foxes and ptarmigans have white fur coats that blend in with snow and ice. This is a form of convergent evolutionary process which suggests that the species share ancestral ancestors. Vestigial structures are another piece of evidence. They are the remains of an organism which may have served some purpose in the past. The human appendix, for example is a remnant of an organ that once used to digest food. These structures tend to shrink in size when they are no longer utilized, a process known as natural selection. Scientists have also collected evidence of evolution through observation and experimenting. The evidence for evolution is divided into six categories: directly observable small-scale changes in biogeographic distribution, comparative anatomy, the fossil record, classification and genetics. Each of these provides compelling evidence that evolution of life has taken place. While many people are misinformed about the theory of evolution, it is an empirical fact. It isn't simply a flimsy theory. It is a powerful collection of years of observations and data that has been proven and tested. Regardless of what people believe or don't believe about the theory of evolution scientists continue to study and gather new information in order to further know the story of life on Earth. This information will help scientists to better understand how to avoid future global catastrophes, and how to use the resources available on our planet. It will also enable us to better meet the needs of the people living on this planet.